Fig. 4

Differentially abundant phyla. Phylum-level differences in the gut microbiota between A Finnish FPCAC patients (n = 33) and controls (n = 35), B Iranian FPDAC patients (n = 50) and controls (n = 34), and C Finnish and Iranian patients. D Venn diagram of the differentially abundant phyla between the groups. FHC, Finnish HC; FPDAC, Finnish PDAC; HC, healthy control; IHC, Iranian HC; IPDAC, Iranian PDAC; PDAC, pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma